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How other importers have handled Chinese EVs — context for Canada. As of July 15, 2026.Comment d'autres importateurs ont traité les VE chinois — un contexte pour le Canada. Au 15 juillet 2026.其他进口国如何应对中国电动车——为加拿大提供参照。截至2026年7月15日。

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Importing markets have diverged sharply. The EU imposed definitive countervailing duties of 17.0–35.3% on sampled Chinese makers from October 2024 [2], then in January 2026 offered a minimum-price 'undertaking' as an alternative [3]. The United States went further, holding a 100% Section 301 tariff since September 2024 [5].

The open-market cases run the other way. The UK declined EU-style tariffs [6] and Chinese brands climbed to around 13% of new-car registrations [7]; Australia goes further still — no limits at all, and 77% of its 2025 EV sales were China-made [8], with China now its third-largest country of origin for new cars [9]. Brazil split the difference with a pre-announced tariff ramp reaching 35% in July 2026 [11], softened by quota-based relief for locally assembled kits [12].

The EU's duties are also being widened. Chinese brands, led by BYD, had been selling plug-in hybrids — which only pay the EU's 10% standard car tariff — to sidestep the EV-specific anti-subsidy duties; as of late June 2026 the European Commission was preparing to extend those anti-subsidy duties to PHEVs too, though no rate or effective date had been set [13].

Early evidence suggests the graduated duties are sorting brands rather than shutting China out. A July 2026 Transport & Environment analysis found the EU's rates have mostly deterred Western makers from producing in China — European brands' share of China-made BEV imports fell from 38% in 2024 to 23% by Q1 2026 — while the Chinese brands facing the lowest duties gained: SAIC, hit with 35%, roughly halved its BEV imports, but BYD, at 17%, more than doubled its [14].

Les marchés importateurs ont fortement divergé. L'UE a imposé des droits compensateurs définitifs de 17,0 à 35,3 % aux constructeurs chinois échantillonnés à partir d'octobre 2024 [2], puis a proposé en janvier 2026 un « engagement » de prix minimal comme solution de rechange [3]. Les États-Unis sont allés plus loin, maintenant un tarif de 100 % (article 301) depuis septembre 2024 [5].

Les marchés ouverts vont dans l'autre sens. Le Royaume-Uni a renoncé aux droits à l'européenne [6] et les marques chinoises ont grimpé à environ 13 % des immatriculations neuves [7] ; l'Australie va encore plus loin — aucune limite, et 77 % de ses ventes de VE en 2025 étaient fabriquées en Chine [8], la Chine étant devenue son troisième pays d'origine pour les voitures neuves [9]. Le Brésil a coupé la poire en deux avec une hausse tarifaire annoncée d'avance, atteignant 35 % en juillet 2026 [11], adoucie par des contingents pour les kits assemblés localement [12].

Les droits de l'UE s'élargissent aussi. Les marques chinoises, menées par BYD, vendaient des hybrides rechargeables — qui ne paient que le tarif automobile standard de 10 % de l'UE — pour échapper aux droits antisubventions propres aux VE ; fin juin 2026, la Commission européenne se préparait à étendre ces droits antisubventions aux hybrides rechargeables aussi, sans qu'un taux ou une date d'entrée en vigueur n'ait encore été fixé [13].

Les premières données suggèrent que ces droits progressifs trient les marques plutôt qu'ils n'excluent la Chine. Une analyse de Transport & Environment de juillet 2026 conclut que les taux de l'UE ont surtout dissuadé les constructeurs occidentaux de produire en Chine — la part des marques européennes dans les importations de VE fabriqués en Chine est tombée de 38 % en 2024 à 23 % au T1 2026 — tandis que les marques chinoises soumises aux droits les plus faibles ont progressé : SAIC, frappé à 35 %, a réduit de moitié ses importations de VE, mais BYD, à 17 %, a plus que doublé les siennes [14].

各进口市场的做法已明显分化。欧盟自 2024 年 10 月起对抽样中国车企征收 17.0%–35.3% 的最终反补贴税 [2],随后于 2026 年 1 月提出以最低价格「承诺」作为替代 [3]。美国走得更远,自 2024 年 9 月起维持 100% 的 301 条款关税 [5]

开放市场则相反。英国拒绝欧盟式关税 [6],中国品牌升至新车上牌量的约 13% [7];澳大利亚更进一步——毫无限制,2025 年销售的电动车 77% 为中国制造 [8],中国已成为其新车第三大来源国 [9]。巴西则取中间路线:预先公布的关税爬坡在 2026 年 7 月达到 35% [11],并以本地组装散件的配额优惠加以缓冲 [12]

欧盟的关税也在扩大范围。以比亚迪为首的中国品牌此前一直销售插电混动车型——这类车型只需缴纳欧盟 10% 的标准汽车关税——以规避针对纯电动车的反补贴税;截至 2026 年 6 月底,欧盟委员会正准备将该反补贴税同样扩展至插电混动车型,但具体税率与生效日期尚未确定 [13]

初步迹象表明,这套分级关税更多是在给品牌「分流」,而非把中国挡在门外。「交通与环境」组织 2026 年 7 月的分析发现,欧盟税率主要是劝退了西方车企在华生产——欧洲品牌在中国产纯电动车进口中的份额从 2024 年的 38% 降至 2026 年一季度的 23%——而税率最低的中国品牌反而受益:被征 35% 的上汽将其纯电动车进口大致腰斩,而税率 17% 的比亚迪进口量却增加了一倍以上 [14]

Reference details

Canada's policy did not form in isolation. The EU and the United States both moved against Chinese EV imports in 2024; their approaches differ sharply in form and severity, which is part of why Canada's 2026 reversal is notable.

European Union — countervailing duties

The EU imposed definitive countervailing duties on battery-electric vehicles from China under Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2754, applicable from October 30, 2024 for five years, after concluding the Chinese BEV value chain benefited from unfair subsidies. The duties are calibrated per manufacturer and apply on top of the standard 10% car import tariff. [1, 2]

EU definitive countervailing duty rates for sampled producers (additional to the 10% tariff).
ProducerCountervailing dutySource
BYD17.0%[2]
Geely18.8%[2]
SAIC35.3%[2]
Tesla (Shanghai, individual rate)7.8%[2]

The path is no longer theoretical: on February 10, 2026 the Commission accepted the first price undertaking, from Volkswagen (Anhui) Automotive Company. The company can now export its China-built CUPRA Tavascan into the EU at or above its minimum import price, exempt from the countervailing duty, having also committed to volume limits and EU investment milestones — notably, the first beneficiary is a Western maker's Chinese joint venture rather than a Chinese brand. [4]

United States — Section 301 tariffs

The United States raised its Section 301 tariff on Chinese-made EVs from 25% to 100%, effective September 27, 2024 — a near-prohibitive barrier that, unlike Canada's, remained in place into 2026. [5]

United Kingdom — no special tariff

In contrast to the EU, the US and (until 2026) Canada, the United Kingdom has imposed no special tariff on Chinese-made EVs; in October 2024 the UK government confirmed it had no intention of adopting EU-style duties. [6] With the market left open, Chinese brands led by BYD, Chery and Geely expanded quickly, reaching around 13% of UK new-car registrations by 2025 — roughly double a year earlier. [7]

Australia — open market, Chinese EVs dominant

Australia is the clearest picture of a fully open market: it applies no import limits or special tariffs to Chinese EVs. [8] The result — 77% of all EVs sold in Australia in 2025 were made in China, including many sold under non-Chinese badges, [8] and China has become the third most popular country of origin for new vehicles sold there overall. [9]

Brazil — a pre-announced tariff ramp to 35%

Brazil chose a third path: neither a prohibitive wall nor an open door, but a pre-announced tariff ramp. In November 2023 it ended its zero-tariff regime for EVs and scheduled the import tax to return gradually — 10% (January 2024), 18% (July 2024), 25% (July 2025) and 35% from July 2026 — explicitly to pull manufacturing investment into Brazil. [10, 11]

The ramp is paired with quota-based relief for local assembly: in June 2026, days before the final 35% step, Brazil's foreign-trade chamber (Gecex-Camex) extended reduced tariffs on knocked-down vehicle kits for six more months under a US$463 million quota — beyond it, 35% applies to semi-disassembled kits and 14% to fully disassembled ones. [12]

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13 items · click any for detail; each links to its source.

EC2026-07-13Tier 2electrive.com2026-07-15

Battery-electric vehicle imports from SAIC, which faces a tariff rate of 35 per cent (plus a 10 per cent base duty), nearly halved between 2023 and 2025. In this case, the desired effect has been achieved. However, manufacturers like BYD, subject to a 17 per cent tariff (plus a 10 per cent base duty), have more than doubled their battery-electric vehicle imports into the EU.

PM2026-06-24Tier 3Plataforma Media2026-07-05

the standard baseline tariffs currently in force will apply: 35% for semi-disassembled (SKD) vehicles and 14% for completely disassembled (CKD) units

EV2026-06-22Tier 3EVwire2026-07-07

The European Commission is preparing to extend its anti-subsidy tariffs to plug-in hybrids (PHEVs) imported from China, closing the loophole that has so far kept the vehicles out of the extra duties on Chinese EVs.

euphevtariffsbydevwire.com/p/… ↗
EC2026-02-10Tier 1European Commission (DG Trade)2026-07-05

Volkswagen (Anhui) will now be able to export its CUPRA Tavascan model into the EU at or above its proposed minimum import price and will be exempt from the countervailing duties imposed on BEV imports from China.

IN2026-01-25Tier 2InsideEVs2026-07-05

A full 77% of all EVs sold in Australia in 2025 were made in China—even ones from non-Chinese brands.

australiamarket-shareinsideevs.com/features/… ↗
IN2026-01-25Tier 2InsideEVs2026-07-05

While Australia has no import limits or industry-stopping tariffs on Chinese EVs, Canada still does.

australiacanadatariffinsideevs.com/features/… ↗
EC2026-01-12Tier 1European Commission (DG Trade)2026-07-01

On 12 January 2026 the European Commission issued guidance letting Chinese makers offer a minimum-price undertaking as an alternative to the duty; approval is not guaranteed.

FO2025-04-12Tier 2Fortune$2026-07-01

With no special tariff, Chinese brands (BYD, Chery, Geely) reached about 13% of UK new-car registrations by 2025, roughly double a year earlier.

Sources

  1. 1Tier 1 EU imposes duties on unfairly subsidised electric vehicles from China. European Commission (press release IP/24/5589) — October 29, 2024 (accessed July 15, 2026)
  2. 2Tier 1 Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2754 — definitive countervailing duties on BEVs from China. European Commission / Access2Markets — October 30, 2024 (accessed July 15, 2026)
  3. 3Tier 1 Commission issues Guidance Document on price undertaking offers for BEVs from China. European Commission (DG Trade) — January 12, 2026 (accessed July 15, 2026)
  4. 4Tier 1 Commission accepts price undertaking from Chinese electric car producer. European Commission (DG Trade) — February 10, 2026 (accessed July 15, 2026)
  5. 5Tier 1 USTR Finalizes Action on Section 301 Tariffs (incl. 100% on Chinese EVs). Office of the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) — September 13, 2024 (accessed July 15, 2026)
  6. 6Tier 2 Chinese car tariffs will not go ahead, UK Government confirms. What Car? — October 2024 (accessed July 15, 2026)
  7. 7Tier 2 China's EV giants shift gears toward the U.K. as tariff troubles mount in the U.S. and Europe. Fortune — April 12, 2025 (accessed July 15, 2026)
  8. 8Tier 2 What Happens When Cheap Chinese EVs Hit Canada? Look At Australia.. InsideEVs — January 25, 2026 (accessed July 15, 2026)
  9. 9Tier 2 Australia in the box seat as Chinese EVs shut out of Europe, US. CarExpert — November 3, 2024 (accessed July 15, 2026)
  10. 10Tier 1 Retomada de tributação para veículos eletrificados é oficializada pelo DOU. Ministério do Desenvolvimento, Indústria, Comércio e Serviços (Brazil) — November 2023 (accessed July 15, 2026)
  11. 11Tier 2 Brazil to resume import tax on electric, hybrid vehicles. Xinhua — November 12, 2023 (accessed July 15, 2026)
  12. 12Tier 2 Brazil extends tariff cuts for electric vehicles. Plataforma Media — June 24, 2026 (accessed July 15, 2026)
  13. 13Tier 3 EU plans to extend anti-subsidy tariffs to Chinese plug-in hybrids, closing the BYD loophole: Handelsblatt. EVwire — June 22, 2026 (accessed July 15, 2026)
  14. 14Tier 2 T&E analysis: EU tariffs deter Western producers from China, but BYD and others gain ground. electrive.com — July 13, 2026 (accessed July 15, 2026)